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Raid at Los Baños
The Raid at Los Baños in the Philippines, early Friday morning on 23 February 1945, was executed by a combined U.S. Army Airborne and Filipino guerrilla task force, resulting in the liberation of 2,147 Allied civilian and military internees from an agricultural school campus turned Japanese internment camp. The 250 Japanese in the garrison were killed. It has been celebrated as one of the most successful rescue operations in modern military history. It was the second precisely-executed raid by combined U.S.-Filipino forces within a month, following on the heels of the Raid at Cabanatuan at Luzon on 30 January, in which 522 Allied military POWs had been rescued.〔Rottman, G.L., 2010, The Los Banos Prison Camp Raid, Oxford: Osprey Publishing Ltd., ISBN 9781849080750〕 The air/sea/land raid was the subject of a 2015 nonfiction book, ''Rescue at Los Baños: The Most Daring Prison Camp Raid of World War II'', by New York Times bestselling author Bruce Henderson.〔Henderson, Bruce, 2015, Rescue at Los Baños: The Most Daring Prison Camp Raid of World War II, New York: William Morrow, ISBN 978-0-06-232506-8〕
== Background ==
Since the landings of the U.S. Sixth Army at Lingayen Gulf and the U.S. Eighth Army at Nasugbu, Batangas on 9 January 1945 and 31 January 1945 respectively, to retake Luzon, the Imperial Japanese Army was being repeatedly pushed back and was increasingly becoming desperate. Soon news was filtering down to Allied commanders that the Japanese were killing innocent civilians and prisoners of war while falling back.〔
General Douglas MacArthur was deeply alarmed about the plight of thousands of prisoners who had been interned in various camps on Luzon, since the early days of the Pacific War. There was concern that, with deliverance so near, they might be killed. Earlier, some daring raids were carried out to rescue POWs, including one at Cabanatuan and at the University of Santo Tomas Internment Camp and Bilibid Prison at the height of the Battle for Manila.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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